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Coyotes-Wolves-Cougars.blogspot.com

Grizzly bears, black bears, wolves, coyotes, cougars/ mountain lions,bobcats, wolverines, lynx, foxes, fishers and martens are the suite of carnivores that originally inhabited North America after the Pleistocene extinctions. This site invites research, commentary, point/counterpoint on that suite of native animals (predator and prey) that inhabited The Americas circa 1500-at the initial point of European exploration and subsequent colonization. Landscape ecology, journal accounts of explorers and frontiersmen, genetic evaluations of museum animals, peer reviewed 20th and 21st century research on various aspects of our "Wild America" as well as subjective commentary from expert and layman alike. All of the above being revealed and discussed with the underlying goal of one day seeing our Continent rewilded.....Where big enough swaths of open space exist with connective corridors to other large forest, meadow, mountain, valley, prairie, desert and chaparral wildlands.....Thereby enabling all of our historic fauna, including man, to live in a sustainable and healthy environment. - Blogger Rick

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Tuesday, March 20, 2012

As our famed naturalist, Aldo Leopold said 80 years ago, "KEEP ALL THE COGS".........meaning that all the creatures on the planet serve multiple purposes in keeping the world healthy and vibrant,,,,,,,,,,Now researchers feel that our Black Bear might hold the key to helping doctors heal our wounds faster and more effectively...........Bears heal with almost no scarring and avoid infections when they are hibernating and their metabolism and heart rates are reduced............If we can work out how the bears heal, there could be potential to translate this research to [studies of] human healing..... This could be especially important for the development of treatments for slow-healing skin wounds in malnourished, hypothermic, diabetic and elderly patients

Hibernating bears' wounds heal without scars


Black bear (c) George McCarthy/ Naturepl.com Black bears emerge from up to seven months of hibernation in the spring

Black bears have a surprising capacity to heal as they hibernate, say researchers in the US.

Medical researchers and zoologists worked together to find that the bears' wounds healed with almost no scarring, and were infection-free.The scientists hope, eventually, to find out exactly how the bears' bodies heal while their body temperature, heart rate and metabolism are reduced.
This could aid studies of human wound-healing.
Researchers carry out health checks on an adult black bear The team has been tracking and monitoring black bears in Minnesota for 25 years
The findings, published in the journal Integrative Zoology, are of particular relevance to medical researchers hoping to improve slow-healing and infection-prone wounds in elderly, malnourished or diabetic patients.

This study was part of a project by scientists from the universities of Minnesota, Wyoming and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, who have tracked 1,000 black bears, in order to monitor their health and behaviour, for 25 years.

Whilst tracking the bears - using radio collars - the researchers noticed some early evidence of their surprising healing abilities.  They wrote in their paper: "We identified a few animals each year with injuries resulting from gunshots or arrows from hunters; bite marks from other bears or predators.
"These wounds were considered to have been incurred some time before the bears denned, and were often infected or inflamed... in early winter. "Yet typically, when we revisited bears in their dens a few months later, most wounds had completely resolved whether or not we [cleaned them], sutured the areas or administered antibiotics."

To test the bear's healing abilities experimentally, the team carefully tracked the healing of small cuts on the skin of 14 of their radio-collared bears in northern Minnesota. Between November (when the bears first settled down in their dens) and March (about a month before they emerged) the wounds healed with "minimal evidence of scarring".

Added to this, there were no signs of infection, the layers of damaged skin regrew and many of the bears even grew hair from newly formed follicles at the site of their injuries. One of the researchers, Prof David Garshelis from the University of Minnesota, told BBC Nature: "It seems so surprising to us that their wounds would heal so well and so completely when they're hibernating and their metabolism is slowed down. But, he added, the animals had many other "remarkable adaptations to hibernation".

  A big sleep

Hibernating black bear
  • Black bears hibernate for five to seven months a year
  • During hibernation, they do not eat, drink, urinate, or defecate
  • The animals also suppress their metabolism to a quarter of its normal rate
  • The bears' heart rates are reduced from 55 beats per minute to as few as five
"They sit in the den for six months and don't lose any appreciable muscle or bone mass, so I guess this healing is another adaptation," Prof Garshelis said. During its winter hibernation, a black bear's core body temperature is reduced by as much as 7C (13F) and their heart rate lowers dramatically. In humans, a lowered body temperature, or conditions that hamper circulation can seriously complicate wound-healing.

For this reason, the team hope to find out the mechanism behind the bears' remarkable healing abilities. He told BBC Nature: "We consider this to have implications for medical research.
"If we can work out how the bears heal, we hope there'll be potential to translate this research to [studies of] human healing." This could be especially important for the development of treatments for slow-healing skin wounds in malnourished, hypothermic, diabetic and elderly patients.

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