As populations of carnivores reach large enough levels, all ecosystem services begin to be fulfilled as those carnivores stay healthy and spread across the landscape through the exchange of genes with unrelated members of the population............That is what is happening now in Oregon where Wolf recolonization of the state just a few years ago is seeing wolves from 6 different packs breeding with each other

Different wolf packs breeding in Oregon

              spokesman.com                        

 

 

This photo from the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife shows OR-10, a female pup from the Walla Walla pack, as it was released on Oct. 21, 2011, in northern Umatilla County, Ore., after being captured and fitted with a radio collar. A satellite tracker shows OR-10 is traveling with OR-16, a male yearling from Oregon.
 

PENDLETON, Ore. – Researchers have found that Oregon wolves from different packs are breeding, signaling that necessary genetic interchange is taking place.

The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife discovered this week that a wolf born into the Imnaha pack is the breeding male in the Wenaha pack, while the most recently collared wolf – OR-16 – has joined the Walla Walla pack, the East Oregonian reported.

State wolf coordinator Russ Morgan said while the discovery of a wolf born into one pack successfully reproducing in another is not groundbreaking, it does show that packs are dynamic and change over time. "New individuals come in and individuals go," Morgan said. "This is the first time we've been able to genetically show it. This is a confirmation of the necessary genetic interchange among packs, and that is a good thing."

OR Wolf 16

There are now six packs in eight different areas of the state, with wolves in some areas not in a big enough group to yet be considered a pack.

The discovery was made through analyzing scat from Wenaha pups. Each time a wolf is caught and collared by the state agency, a genetic sample is taken, Morgan said. The department confirmed with a genetic sample that OR-12 is the progeny of OR-2 and OR-4 of the Imnaha pack. When OR-16 wascollared, Morgan said, the male yearling was a total mystery. "We didn't know who he was," Morgan said.

The 85-pound wolf was caught accidentally by U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service personnel on Nov. 1. The animal was fitted with a GPS collar, providing department biologists more detailed information regarding the wolf's location, which paid off.
Satellite downloads show OR-16 traveling with OR-10, a female yearling in the Walla Walla pack.