Journalist Emma Marris takes a good look at "top down" carnivore trophic cascades and comes away acknowledging that there are a myriad of factors impacting the rough equilibrium that both the "top down and "bottom up" trophic animals and plants bring to the circle of life in the wild..............As wolf biologist Rolf Peterson of Michigan Technological University, Doug Smith, a wolf expert who works for Yellowstone National Park and other colleagues recently stated---- "It is perhaps easier to find trophic cascades when you expect to find them"......... “A trophic cascade is an intellectual construct born in an imaginary world of simple food chains governed by equilibrium dynamics"......... "By contrast, most ecosystems are uncontrolled and entail complicated, multicausal food webs governed by nonequilibrium dynamics"......... "In other words: life is really complicated".................Read full article below.

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https://www.beaconreader.com/emma-marris/a-good-story

A Good Story

EMMA MARRIS

OVERVIEW

Do wolves save rivers? Are they saving Yellowstone?
A popular YouTube video makes

 the case beautifully that they do, but things aren’t
quite that simple. Have we all fallen

 spell to a good story?