Sunday, March 10, 2019

While the vast majority of us associate Bison with the tall grass prairie regions of the USA , at the point of European colonization stretching all the way through to the conclusion of the American Revolution and into the years of the Lewis & Clark expedition from St. Louis to the West Coast, Bison ranged as Far East as Western NY State , Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia and the Carolina's...........The last Bison killed in Ohio was in 1803.......While Indians did hunt Bison to some extent, as Moravian Missionary, David Zeisberger reported in the late 1700's----- "That in regard to the Delaware Indians, buffalo they shoot little and rarely, as the hides are too heavy and of little value, and if they shot one of these animals now and again, most of the meat is left lying in the woods, where it is consumed by wolves, or other animals or birds"

http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Bison#Nineteenth_Century

Bison In Ohio

Settlement

In Ohio, Bison were hunted by the Native Americans, but not to the extent that they were by the Plains Indians in the western United States. Moravian missionary, David Zeisberger, reported in the late 1700s that (in regard to the Delaware Indians he came in contact with) "...buffalo they shoot little and rarely, as the hides are too heavy and of little value, and if they shot one of these animals now and again, most of the meat is left lying in the woods, where it is consumed by wolves, or other animals or birds."

Where Prairie ecosystems existed in Ohio, Bison
Densities were at their most prolific(

When European settlers first arrived in Ohio, there were many Bison throughout the state. With the arrival of settlers, the Bison population rapidly declined.
At one time these animals appeared in great numbers along the Muskingum but as soon as the country begins to be inhabited by the Indians they retire and are now only to be found near the mouth of the above named river. Along the banks of the Scioto and further south, both Indians and whites say that they may be seen in herds numbering hundreds. That is two or three hundred miles from here.
SCIOTO RIVER IN OHIO WHERE BISON DENSITIES WERE OPTIMUM
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohiohistorycentral.org%2Fimages%2F4%2F4b%2FScioto_River_map.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohiohistorycentral.org%2Fw%2FScioto_River&tbnid=IpH34qTYE0hj4M&vet=1&docid=d5o4vyZ27iKGcM&w=300&h=300&ved=2ahUKEwiD_qGCxfbgAhUEgFQKHagiDksQMygCegUIARCkAQ

By 1790, few, if any, Bison could be found along the Ohio River. In 1795, Charles Duteil, while hunting for deer, came across a herd of Bison two miles west of Gallipolis. The event was recorded in an 1876 letter from George Graham:
Duteil fired without aiming at any particular one, and luckily a large one fell. He was so elated with this feat that without stopping to examine the animal he ran as fast as he could to the town, and having announced his luck, came back, followed by the entire body of colonists,. They quickly formed a procession with musicians playing violins, flutes, �the fortunate hunter proudly marching with his gun�. and for several days there was feasting, as the first and last buffalo of Gallipolis was served up�. 

Nineteenth Century

Bison were extirpated in Ohio early in the nineteenth century. The last Bison recorded in Ohio was shot and killed in Lawrence County in 1803. 

3 comments:

  1. The Europeans entered the St Lawrence River in the 1500s to trade for "Buff" hides, so called for the yellow/tan color of the untanned hides. Wars prevented the free access to various Asian and African sources of buffalo hides for shields and armor so the discovery of a source in America was crucial.

    The Indians supplied the French and others with Buff hides and Champlain complained to the French King that the Spanish were buying "Buff" hides in the Potomac area.

    So, until the use of "Buff" hides became obsolete in warfare there was heavy hunting of eastern Bison in America which probably contributed in a major way to their reduction.

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  2. Excellent information on motivation to heavily hunt bison east of the Mississippi in the 16th and 17th centuries......thanks for the insight

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  3. It wasn't my intention to be anonymous

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