To Save the Bears, We Need to Save the Forests
By NAPS.com
North American Precis Syndicate
Josh Westerhold, 36, is a grizzly bear hunter.
His weapon
is a camera.
And over the years, he's shot grizzlies by the
dozens.
Despite growing up in Cody, Wyo., Josh did
not catch
grizzly fever until
his college days during hikes and mountain
trips with
friends. It was
then that he learned how and where to find the
threatened bears by
talking with hunting outfitters, U.S. Forest Service
members and fish
and game experts. The key piece of advice was to
go where the bears
go for food. In the Mountain West, this meant at
or above the timberline,
as grizzlies feed on seeds from whitebark pines
growing there.
Whitebark pine seeds are essential for many birds
and animals.
For bears,
they are a rich, preferred food source that provide a high
calorie content
— more calories per pound than chocolate — that is vital
for hibernation.
In bumper crop seasons for whitebark cones, they can
dominate the food
habits of bears for the entire next year. In bad years for
whitebark pine,
according to Josh, you can fairly accurately predict the
increased number
of incidents of grizzly and human interactions, as the bears
travel down
the mountains for food.
With this knowledge, Josh began finding grizzlies —
lots of them — and took
to photography to illustrate these amazing sights. "I kept
telling people
about all the stuff I was seeing, and I realized I needed
to document it.
I was witnessing things like 35 grizzlies in one place -
males, females
and cubs all together. Because of the abundant food
source, they're pretty
tolerant of each other. It is very unusual."
But things are changing in the West, including in the
iconic Greater
Yellowstone Area, Josh says. "Over the course of the
last decade, I've
seen the progressive deterioration of the forest. Not
just the whitebark
pine, but the whole upper canopy, right at the
timberline. In certain
drainages, more trees are dead than alive."
What Josh is seeing, according to Dr. Bob Keane,
American Forests Science
Advisory Board member and U.S. Forest Service
research ecologist, is the
combined impact of mountain pine beetles, white
pine blister rust and
excessive past fire suppression. "We are seeing an
urgent situation in the
process of turning catastrophic," says Dr. Keane.
"In the last decade of
warmer summers and winters, the decline of this
critical ecosystem has
greatly accelerated in all parts of whitebark pine's
range." It is estimated
that 41.7 million acres of pine forests in more than
10 states are dying due
to abnormally large mountain pine beetle outbreaks.
These affected forests
contain the headwaters of some of America's most
prominent rivers, which
serve as major water resources for more than 33
million people in 16 states,
including cities like Los Angeles.
The whitebark pine is a keystone species critical
to the health of these
at-risk, high-elevation ecosystems. The American
Forests Endangered
Western Forests initiative is a collaborative
program designed to find
solutions to and address these threats. Funded
in part by a U.S. Forest
Service grant, the initiative has created a partnership
betweenAmerican
Forests, federal agencies, local communities and
other nonprofits to protect
and restore forest ecosystems in the West
devastated by these threats.
The initial phase of the initiative is focused on
the Greater Yellowstone
Area by planting 100,000 naturally disease-resistant
whitebark pines and
protecting another 10,000 with pheromone patches.
The program is
supporting researchers and scientists testing the
best techniques for
rehabilitation; managers implementing these
restoration actions on the
forests, their threats and the
level of damage. The organization has a track
record of success in these
areas and has planted 125,000 whitebark pines
since 2010.
"We are at a critical point in ensuring the future
of these beloved forests,
" says Dr. Keane. "With new research and
management techniques, we
hope to restore whitebark pine across most
of its range and, in turn,
create resilient landscapes that can weather
future climate change, but
time is of the essence."
And not just for the forests, but for the species
that make their homes
there. The Greater Yellowstone Area is home
to approximately half of the
threatened grizzlies found in the lower 48 states.
"I love grizzlies because they are what make
the wilderness wild, but
they're a threatened species," says Josh.
"The survival of the bears is an
indicator of the health of the environment
and how we've taken care of the
forests."
To learn more about the American
Forests Endangered Western Forests
initiative, visit the website
www.americanforests.org/EWF or
call 202-737-1944. Please support
the work of this initiative and help
save our western forests. Your
contribution can make a critical difference.
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