History and Current Status of the Black Bear in Kentucky
David E. Unger 1,*, John J. Cox 2, Hannah B. Harris 3, Jeffery L. Larkin 4, Ben Augustine 2, Steven Dobey5, Joseph M. Guthrie 2, John T. Hast 2, Rebekah Jensen 2, Sean Murphy 2, Jason Plaxico 5, and David S. Maehr 2,6
1 502 E. Lamar Alexander Parkway, Division of Natural Sciences, Maryville College, Maryville, TN 37804.
2 Department of Forestry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0073.
3 Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0073.
4 Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15765.
5 Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, #1 Sportsman's Lane, Frankfort, KY 40601.
6 Deceased.
* Corresponding author - dave.unger@maryvillecollege.edu.
Abstract
Once abundant in Kentucky, Ursus americanus (American Black Bear) were extirpated from the state by the late 19th century because of overharvest and habitat alteration. Regenerating deciduous forests, increased human tolerance, and source population growth and expansion in neighboring states have facilitated Black Bear recolonization in parts of southeastern Kentucky since the 1980s.
As of 2012, 500 Black Bears were estimated to occur in Kentucky, with most individuals found in two successfully reproducing, geographically separate, and genetically distinct core populations in the southeastern part of the state. Our research suggests that population growth and expansion of Black Bears within Kentucky is occurring and abundant suitable habitat exists to support further increases in range and numbers.
Potential impediments to further population growth and recolonization include roads, overexploitation primarily from illegal harvest, and habitat loss and fragmentation. The recolonization of Kentucky by the Black Bear represents an important case study of population growth and expansion of large mammals in the eastern US that has widespread ecological and economic implications.
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Kentucky - State Fish and Wildlife officials say hunters in Kentucky bagged 20 black bears during the season
that ended in December.
that ended in December.
It was the first season with a new expanded bear
hunting
zone and an archery and
hunting
zone and an archery and
crossbow season.
Hunters can now hunt bears in 16 Kentucky
counties, up
from four counties in 2012.
counties, up
from four counties in 2012.
Seven were killed in Letcher County and
three bears were
taken in Harlan, Leslie,
three bears were
taken in Harlan, Leslie,
and Perry Counties.
Modern-day bear hunting in Kentucky began
in 2009.
in 2009.
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