The following news item and video (click on the link) serve as a departure point for exposing the truth about most reported "attacks" by coyotes, and for explaining coyote "messaging":
"Caught On Camera: Dog Attacked By Coyote".
Although the video purports to show an "attack", it does not do so. By calling this an "attack", the article is creating a news story through sensationalist hype and playing on people's fears. It sells well, it's exciting, and it raises the fear level to a frenzy that, for most folks, justifies killing coyotes. It is irresponsible journalism, but it is how the press has been handling almost all reports regarding coyotes. We have suggested to journalists and news stations that they please contact biologists trained specifically in coyote behavior to help them get correct information out to the public, and this article does at least list what folks can do when they see a coyote. At the same time it calls what happened an "attack" which is blatantly incorrect.
What the video does show is a few seconds of a dog running from a coyote chasing it. Also, the article reports a couple of sightings, and that the dog, Lexus, came home with a few scratches. These are the facts from which this "attack" article is spun. But the dog wasn't maimed, he wasn't hurt, and there's no proof at all that he was "attacked". That he "got away with his life" is pure fabrication and sensationalistic. If anything at all, the dog was simply "messaged" to stay away for intruding or even chasing the coyote. That's it.
I've been photo-documenting urban coyote behaviors, including their interactions with humans and pets, in urban parks for eight years. I have only seen coyotes chase dogs in the manner shown in the news video clip, when a dog has gone chasing after the coyote first, or when the dog has intruded on the coyote in some way and then decided to run off. Dogs are constantly intruding on coyotes. A coyote's nipping message is their attempt to drive the dog away, not maul him to death. It's how they protect their territories or dens and it's how they drive intruder coyotes away.
This series of 17 slides shows what happens when coyotes and larger dogs engage. When a coyote approaches a dog, it does so by making quick, short charges and quick retreats, where it is always ready to run off if the dog faces it. Coyotes aren't animals who will take chances of being injured, so they avoid all-out fights with dogs. Please remember that running away by any animal raises a coyote's adrenaline and incites a coyote to chase. We advise people never to run from a coyote for this reason. For more information on dog encounters, see video presentation,
"Coyotes As Neighbors" and posting of March 30th:
Pupping Season: What Behaviors to Expect If You Have A Dog, and What You Can Do,.
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"Messaging" by coyotes consists of nips to the dog's hindquarters and rarely amount to more than abrasions or scratches. You need to watch this behavior as it happens to really know what is going on. The coyote does not open its jaws for a big massive and incapacitating chomp into your dog. The coyote's jaws remain fairly closed with only it's lips pulled back a little from its front teeth so that it can pinch the dog enough to give it a firm message, and these are delivered to the back legs or rump of the dog.
How to prevent it in the future? Don't let your pet wander freely in coyote areas, even if it's your own wooded backyard. Coyotes want to be left alone, so keep your dog away from them. Since small pets can be mistaken for prey, please never leave your small pet outside unattended. Note that your fenced yard is a human fabrication which is supposed to keep other humans out. It won't keep out raccoons, skunks, birds, gophers or coyotes. Coyotes have boundary markers which consist of fecal marking material, not physical fence barriers. So the only way to protect your pets, even in your own yard, is to supervise them or keep them leashed.
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